"-attjan" meaning in All languages combined

See -attjan on Wiktionary

Suffix [Proto-West Germanic]

Etymology: From Proto-Germanic *-atjaną. Etymology templates: {{inh|gmw-pro|gem-pro|*-atjaną}} Proto-Germanic *-atjaną Head templates: {{head|gmw-pro|suffix|cat2=verb-forming suffixes}} *-attjan Inflection templates: {{gmw-infl-verb-wk1|jpres=1}} Forms: present weak [table-tags], -attjan [infinitive], -attjannjas [genitive, infinitive], -attjannjē [dative, infinitive], -attjannju [infinitive, instrumental], -attju [first-person, present, singular], -attā [first-person, past, singular], -atisi [present, second-person, singular], -attēs [past, second-person, singular], -attōs [past, second-person, singular], -atiþi [present, singular, third-person], -attē [past, singular, third-person], -attā [past, singular, third-person], -attjum [first-person, plural, present], -attum [first-person, past, plural], -atiþ [plural, present, second-person], -attud [past, plural, second-person], -attjanþ [plural, present, third-person], -attun [past, plural, third-person], -attjē [first-person, present, singular], -attī [first-person, past, singular], -attjēs [present, second-person, singular], -attī [past, second-person, singular], -attjē [present, singular, third-person], -attī [past, singular, third-person], -attjēm [first-person, plural, present], -attīm [first-person, past, plural], -attjēþ [plural, present, second-person], -attīd [past, plural, second-person], -attjēn [plural, present, third-person], -attīn [past, plural, third-person], -ati [present, singular], -atiþ [plural, present], -attjandī [participle, present], -att [participle, past]
  1. Creates verbs from nouns and adjectives, similar to -ise. Tags: morpheme, reconstruction
    Sense id: en--attjan-gmw-pro-suffix-obFDIXle Categories (other): Pages using catfix, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages using catfix: 50 50 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 49 51 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 49 51 Disambiguation of Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 48 52
  2. Creates intensive verbs from other verbs. Tags: morpheme, reconstruction
    Sense id: en--attjan-gmw-pro-suffix-00JzTBbX Categories (other): Pages using catfix, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages using catfix: 50 50 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 49 51 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 49 51 Disambiguation of Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 48 52
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: -ittjan, -uttjan Derived forms: -ati Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic, -attjan *-attj-
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-ati Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-attjan *-attj-"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "yeet"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "grunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "tags": [
                "possibly"
              ],
              "word": "fidget"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "spout"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "botch"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "haunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "raw_tags": [
                "inherited",
                "uncertain"
              ],
              "word": "-et"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "sense": "to address as 'thou'",
          "word": "thouten"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "yeet"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "grunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "tags": [
                "possibly"
              ],
              "word": "fidget"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "spout"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "botch"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "haunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "raw_tags": [
                "inherited",
                "uncertain"
              ],
              "word": "-et"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "likely"
          ],
          "sense": "to address as 'ye'",
          "word": "yeten"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "yeet"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "grunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "tags": [
                "possibly"
              ],
              "word": "fidget"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "spout"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "botch"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "haunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "raw_tags": [
                "inherited",
                "uncertain"
              ],
              "word": "-et"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "word": "grunten"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "yeet"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "grunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "tags": [
                "possibly"
              ],
              "word": "fidget"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "spout"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "botch"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "haunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "raw_tags": [
                "inherited",
                "uncertain"
              ],
              "word": "-et"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "word": "spouten"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old English",
      "lang_code": "ang",
      "word": "-ettan"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "yeet"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "grunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "tags": [
                "possibly"
              ],
              "word": "fidget"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "spout"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "botch"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "haunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "raw_tags": [
                "inherited",
                "uncertain"
              ],
              "word": "-et"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "sense": "to address as 'thou'",
          "word": "thouten"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "yeet"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "grunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "tags": [
                "possibly"
              ],
              "word": "fidget"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "spout"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "botch"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "haunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "raw_tags": [
                "inherited",
                "uncertain"
              ],
              "word": "-et"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "likely"
          ],
          "sense": "to address as 'ye'",
          "word": "yeten"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "yeet"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "grunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "tags": [
                "possibly"
              ],
              "word": "fidget"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "spout"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "botch"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "haunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "raw_tags": [
                "inherited",
                "uncertain"
              ],
              "word": "-et"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "word": "grunten"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "yeet"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "grunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "tags": [
                "possibly"
              ],
              "word": "fidget"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "spout"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "botch"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "haunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "raw_tags": [
                "inherited",
                "uncertain"
              ],
              "word": "-et"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "word": "spouten"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old English",
      "lang_code": "ang",
      "word": "-etan"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "yeet"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "grunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "tags": [
                "possibly"
              ],
              "word": "fidget"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "spout"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "botch"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "haunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "raw_tags": [
                "inherited",
                "uncertain"
              ],
              "word": "-et"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "sense": "to address as 'thou'",
          "word": "thouten"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "yeet"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "grunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "tags": [
                "possibly"
              ],
              "word": "fidget"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "spout"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "botch"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "haunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "raw_tags": [
                "inherited",
                "uncertain"
              ],
              "word": "-et"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "likely"
          ],
          "sense": "to address as 'ye'",
          "word": "yeten"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "yeet"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "grunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "tags": [
                "possibly"
              ],
              "word": "fidget"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "spout"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "botch"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "haunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "raw_tags": [
                "inherited",
                "uncertain"
              ],
              "word": "-et"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "word": "grunten"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "yeet"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "grunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "tags": [
                "possibly"
              ],
              "word": "fidget"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "spout"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "botch"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "haunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "raw_tags": [
                "inherited",
                "uncertain"
              ],
              "word": "-et"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "word": "spouten"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old English",
      "lang_code": "ang",
      "word": "-tan"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "-zen"
            },
            {
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "-sen"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle High German",
          "lang_code": "gmh",
          "word": "-ezzen"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "-zen"
            },
            {
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "-sen"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle High German",
          "lang_code": "gmh",
          "word": "-zen"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "-zen"
            },
            {
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "-sen"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle High German",
          "lang_code": "gmh",
          "word": "-sen"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old High German",
      "lang_code": "goh",
      "word": "-azzen"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "-zen"
            },
            {
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "-sen"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle High German",
          "lang_code": "gmh",
          "word": "-ezzen"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "-zen"
            },
            {
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "-sen"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle High German",
          "lang_code": "gmh",
          "word": "-zen"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "-zen"
            },
            {
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "-sen"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle High German",
          "lang_code": "gmh",
          "word": "-sen"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old High German",
      "lang_code": "goh",
      "word": "-ezzen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "*-atjaną",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-atjaną"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*-atjaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-atjaną",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *-atjaną.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "present weak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attjan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attjannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attjannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attjannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attjum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attjanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attjēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attjēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attjēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attjēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ati",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attjandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-att",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "verb-forming suffixes"
      },
      "expansion": "*-attjan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "jpres": "1"
      },
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-attjan",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Creates verbs from nouns and adjectives, similar to -ise."
      ],
      "id": "en--attjan-gmw-pro-suffix-obFDIXle",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ise",
          "-ise#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Creates intensive verbs from other verbs."
      ],
      "id": "en--attjan-gmw-pro-suffix-00JzTBbX",
      "links": [
        [
          "intensive",
          "intensive#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-ittjan"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-uttjan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-attjan"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-West Germanic class 1 weak j-present verbs",
    "Proto-West Germanic class 1 weak verbs",
    "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-West Germanic suffixes",
    "Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Proto-West Germanic verb-forming suffixes"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "-ati Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic"
    },
    {
      "word": "-attjan *-attj-"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "yeet"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "grunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "tags": [
                "possibly"
              ],
              "word": "fidget"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "spout"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "botch"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "haunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "raw_tags": [
                "inherited",
                "uncertain"
              ],
              "word": "-et"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "sense": "to address as 'thou'",
          "word": "thouten"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "yeet"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "grunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "tags": [
                "possibly"
              ],
              "word": "fidget"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "spout"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "botch"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "haunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "raw_tags": [
                "inherited",
                "uncertain"
              ],
              "word": "-et"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "likely"
          ],
          "sense": "to address as 'ye'",
          "word": "yeten"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "yeet"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "grunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "tags": [
                "possibly"
              ],
              "word": "fidget"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "spout"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "botch"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "haunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "raw_tags": [
                "inherited",
                "uncertain"
              ],
              "word": "-et"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "word": "grunten"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "yeet"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "grunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "tags": [
                "possibly"
              ],
              "word": "fidget"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "spout"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "botch"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "haunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "raw_tags": [
                "inherited",
                "uncertain"
              ],
              "word": "-et"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "word": "spouten"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old English",
      "lang_code": "ang",
      "word": "-ettan"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "yeet"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "grunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "tags": [
                "possibly"
              ],
              "word": "fidget"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "spout"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "botch"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "haunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "raw_tags": [
                "inherited",
                "uncertain"
              ],
              "word": "-et"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "sense": "to address as 'thou'",
          "word": "thouten"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "yeet"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "grunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "tags": [
                "possibly"
              ],
              "word": "fidget"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "spout"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "botch"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "haunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "raw_tags": [
                "inherited",
                "uncertain"
              ],
              "word": "-et"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "likely"
          ],
          "sense": "to address as 'ye'",
          "word": "yeten"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "yeet"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "grunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "tags": [
                "possibly"
              ],
              "word": "fidget"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "spout"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "botch"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "haunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "raw_tags": [
                "inherited",
                "uncertain"
              ],
              "word": "-et"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "word": "grunten"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "yeet"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "grunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "tags": [
                "possibly"
              ],
              "word": "fidget"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "spout"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "botch"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "haunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "raw_tags": [
                "inherited",
                "uncertain"
              ],
              "word": "-et"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "word": "spouten"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old English",
      "lang_code": "ang",
      "word": "-etan"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "yeet"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "grunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "tags": [
                "possibly"
              ],
              "word": "fidget"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "spout"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "botch"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "haunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "raw_tags": [
                "inherited",
                "uncertain"
              ],
              "word": "-et"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "sense": "to address as 'thou'",
          "word": "thouten"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "yeet"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "grunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "tags": [
                "possibly"
              ],
              "word": "fidget"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "spout"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "botch"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "haunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "raw_tags": [
                "inherited",
                "uncertain"
              ],
              "word": "-et"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "likely"
          ],
          "sense": "to address as 'ye'",
          "word": "yeten"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "yeet"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "grunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "tags": [
                "possibly"
              ],
              "word": "fidget"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "spout"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "botch"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "haunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "raw_tags": [
                "inherited",
                "uncertain"
              ],
              "word": "-et"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "word": "grunten"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "yeet"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "grunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "tags": [
                "possibly"
              ],
              "word": "fidget"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "spout"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "botch"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "haunt"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "raw_tags": [
                "inherited",
                "uncertain"
              ],
              "word": "-et"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "word": "spouten"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old English",
      "lang_code": "ang",
      "word": "-tan"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "-zen"
            },
            {
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "-sen"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle High German",
          "lang_code": "gmh",
          "word": "-ezzen"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "-zen"
            },
            {
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "-sen"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle High German",
          "lang_code": "gmh",
          "word": "-zen"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "-zen"
            },
            {
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "-sen"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle High German",
          "lang_code": "gmh",
          "word": "-sen"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old High German",
      "lang_code": "goh",
      "word": "-azzen"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "-zen"
            },
            {
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "-sen"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle High German",
          "lang_code": "gmh",
          "word": "-ezzen"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "-zen"
            },
            {
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "-sen"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle High German",
          "lang_code": "gmh",
          "word": "-zen"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "-zen"
            },
            {
              "lang": "German",
              "lang_code": "de",
              "word": "-sen"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle High German",
          "lang_code": "gmh",
          "word": "-sen"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old High German",
      "lang_code": "goh",
      "word": "-ezzen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "*-atjaną",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-atjaną"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*-atjaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-atjaną",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *-atjaną.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "present weak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attjan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attjannjas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attjannjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attjannju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attjum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attjanþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attjēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attjē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attjēm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attjēþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attjēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ati",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-attjandī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-att",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "verb-forming suffixes"
      },
      "expansion": "*-attjan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "jpres": "1"
      },
      "name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-attjan",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Creates verbs from nouns and adjectives, similar to -ise."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-ise",
          "-ise#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Creates intensive verbs from other verbs."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "intensive",
          "intensive#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "-ittjan"
    },
    {
      "word": "-uttjan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-attjan"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -attjan meaning in All languages combined (12.8kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.